Basic guide to prevent check valve failure

Almost every industry making use of piping to transport fluids relies on the use of check valves. A check valve  also called a one-way valve, non-return valve, or clack vaWater hammer is a pressure surge or high-pressure shock wave that occurs when a fluid in motion is forced to stop or change direction suddenly. This typically happens with swing-type check valves, in which flow reversal downstream causes the valve to close abruptly, resulting in a pressure wave that propagates throughout the pipe. Water hammer can lead to pipe, fitting, and valve damage alike.lve only allows flow in one direction while preventing reverse flow, or flow in the opposite direction. 

These valves open and close based solely on the hydraulic pressure from the flow of water acting on the valve mechanism.Check valves are often used in steam lines, condensate lines, water lines, HVAC systems, and chemical feed pumps, to name just a few common applications. These valves are critical components in many situations, as reverse flow can be very damaging to some equipment. Therefore, it’s essential that the symptoms of check valve failure be detected as early as possible to prevent facility downtime and costly repairs.Reverse flow occurs when the valve permits water to flow back to the upstream side of the check valve; in other words, there is a two-way flow through the valve. 

This can be detrimental to equipment such as discharge pumps, in which flow back to the pump can cause the impeller to spin in the other direction, leading to pump damage.As with any mechanical equipment, improper installation, maintenance, and assembly of check valves can lead to costly, time consuming damage and, ultimately, failure. During installation, the valve should be oriented in the proper direction for the piping system. It’s also important to keep in mind that not all check valves work the same way. Consideration must be given to pipe flow capacity requirements, the location of the valve installation, and whether the valve will be installed in a horizontal or vertical position.Debris in the piping can get lodged in the check valve, causing it to remain stuck in the open or closed position. 

Plus, rapidly traveling debris can affect the one-way check valve and damage the internal mechanism. This can cause pieces of the valve to break or become dislodged, causing more debris to flow in the downstream direction.The key to preventing check valve failure and ensuring valve longevity is proper and regular preventative maintenance.The first and most effective step for avoiding valve failure is keeping the pipeline and valves clean and free of debris. This can be achieved by installing filters and covers where required. Regular flushing of the piping system can also be performed to remove settled debris and minimize the buildup of contaminants.Valve lubrication is another effective method for preventing premature valve failure.